Sync SDL3 wiki -> header

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SDL Wiki Bot 2024-03-29 19:02:25 +00:00
parent 49029c8454
commit 96c93d2252
1 changed files with 134 additions and 149 deletions

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@ -521,8 +521,8 @@ extern DECLSPEC int SDLCALL SDL_abs(int x);
/**
* Query if a character is alphabetic (a letter).
*
* **WARNING**: Regardless of system locale, this will only treat
* ASCII values for English 'a-z' and 'A-Z' as true.
* **WARNING**: Regardless of system locale, this will only treat ASCII values
* for English 'a-z' and 'A-Z' as true.
*
* \param x character value to check.
* \returns non-zero if x falls within the character class, zero otherwise.
@ -536,8 +536,8 @@ extern DECLSPEC int SDLCALL SDL_isalpha(int x);
/**
* Query if a character is alphabetic (a letter) or a number.
*
* **WARNING**: Regardless of system locale, this will only treat
* ASCII values for English 'a-z', 'A-Z', and '0-9' as true.
* **WARNING**: Regardless of system locale, this will only treat ASCII values
* for English 'a-z', 'A-Z', and '0-9' as true.
*
* \param x character value to check.
* \returns non-zero if x falls within the character class, zero otherwise.
@ -551,8 +551,8 @@ extern DECLSPEC int SDLCALL SDL_isalnum(int x);
/**
* Report if a character is blank (a space or tab).
*
* **WARNING**: Regardless of system locale, this will only treat
* ASCII values 0x20 (space) or 0x9 (tab) as true.
* **WARNING**: Regardless of system locale, this will only treat ASCII values
* 0x20 (space) or 0x9 (tab) as true.
*
* \param x character value to check.
* \returns non-zero if x falls within the character class, zero otherwise.
@ -566,8 +566,8 @@ extern DECLSPEC int SDLCALL SDL_isblank(int x);
/**
* Report if a character is a control character.
*
* **WARNING**: Regardless of system locale, this will only treat
* ASCII values 0 through 0x1F, and 0x7F, as true.
* **WARNING**: Regardless of system locale, this will only treat ASCII values
* 0 through 0x1F, and 0x7F, as true.
*
* \param x character value to check.
* \returns non-zero if x falls within the character class, zero otherwise.
@ -581,8 +581,8 @@ extern DECLSPEC int SDLCALL SDL_iscntrl(int x);
/**
* Report if a character is a numeric digit.
*
* **WARNING**: Regardless of system locale, this will only treat
* ASCII values '0' (0x30) through '9' (0x39), as true.
* **WARNING**: Regardless of system locale, this will only treat ASCII values
* '0' (0x30) through '9' (0x39), as true.
*
* \param x character value to check.
* \returns non-zero if x falls within the character class, zero otherwise.
@ -596,9 +596,8 @@ extern DECLSPEC int SDLCALL SDL_isdigit(int x);
/**
* Report if a character is a hexadecimal digit.
*
* **WARNING**: Regardless of system locale, this will only treat
* ASCII values 'A' through 'F', 'a' through 'f', and '0' through
* '9', as true.
* **WARNING**: Regardless of system locale, this will only treat ASCII values
* 'A' through 'F', 'a' through 'f', and '0' through '9', as true.
*
* \param x character value to check.
* \returns non-zero if x falls within the character class, zero otherwise.
@ -612,8 +611,8 @@ extern DECLSPEC int SDLCALL SDL_isxdigit(int x);
/**
* Report if a character is a punctuation mark.
*
* **WARNING**: Regardless of system locale, this is equivalent
* to `((SDL_isgraph(x)) && (!SDL_isalnum(x)))`.
* **WARNING**: Regardless of system locale, this is equivalent to
* `((SDL_isgraph(x)) && (!SDL_isalnum(x)))`.
*
* \param x character value to check.
* \returns non-zero if x falls within the character class, zero otherwise.
@ -630,8 +629,8 @@ extern DECLSPEC int SDLCALL SDL_ispunct(int x);
/**
* Report if a character is whitespace.
*
* **WARNING**: Regardless of system locale, this will only treat
* the following ASCII values as true:
* **WARNING**: Regardless of system locale, this will only treat the
* following ASCII values as true:
*
* - space (0x20)
* - tab (0x09)
@ -652,8 +651,8 @@ extern DECLSPEC int SDLCALL SDL_isspace(int x);
/**
* Report if a character is upper case.
*
* **WARNING**: Regardless of system locale, this will only treat
* ASCII values 'A' through 'Z' as true.
* **WARNING**: Regardless of system locale, this will only treat ASCII values
* 'A' through 'Z' as true.
*
* \param x character value to check.
* \returns non-zero if x falls within the character class, zero otherwise.
@ -667,8 +666,8 @@ extern DECLSPEC int SDLCALL SDL_isupper(int x);
/**
* Report if a character is lower case.
*
* **WARNING**: Regardless of system locale, this will only treat
* ASCII values 'a' through 'z' as true.
* **WARNING**: Regardless of system locale, this will only treat ASCII values
* 'a' through 'z' as true.
*
* \param x character value to check.
* \returns non-zero if x falls within the character class, zero otherwise.
@ -682,13 +681,12 @@ extern DECLSPEC int SDLCALL SDL_islower(int x);
/**
* Report if a character is "printable".
*
* Be advised that "printable" has a definition that goes back to
* text terminals from the dawn of computing, making this a sort of
* special case function that is not suitable for Unicode (or most
* any) text management.
* Be advised that "printable" has a definition that goes back to text
* terminals from the dawn of computing, making this a sort of special case
* function that is not suitable for Unicode (or most any) text management.
*
* **WARNING**: Regardless of system locale, this will only treat
* ASCII values ' ' (0x20) through '~' (0x7E) as true.
* **WARNING**: Regardless of system locale, this will only treat ASCII values
* ' ' (0x20) through '~' (0x7E) as true.
*
* \param x character value to check.
* \returns non-zero if x falls within the character class, zero otherwise.
@ -702,13 +700,12 @@ extern DECLSPEC int SDLCALL SDL_isprint(int x);
/**
* Report if a character is any "printable" except space.
*
* Be advised that "printable" has a definition that goes back to
* text terminals from the dawn of computing, making this a sort of
* special case function that is not suitable for Unicode (or most
* any) text management.
* Be advised that "printable" has a definition that goes back to text
* terminals from the dawn of computing, making this a sort of special case
* function that is not suitable for Unicode (or most any) text management.
*
* **WARNING**: Regardless of system locale, this is equivalent
* to `(SDL_isprint(x)) && ((x) != ' ')`.
* **WARNING**: Regardless of system locale, this is equivalent to
* `(SDL_isprint(x)) && ((x) != ' ')`.
*
* \param x character value to check.
* \returns non-zero if x falls within the character class, zero otherwise.
@ -724,12 +721,11 @@ extern DECLSPEC int SDLCALL SDL_isgraph(int x);
/**
* Convert low-ASCII English letters to uppercase.
*
* **WARNING**: Regardless of system locale, this will only
* convert ASCII values 'a' through 'z' to uppercase.
* **WARNING**: Regardless of system locale, this will only convert ASCII
* values 'a' through 'z' to uppercase.
*
* This function returns the uppercase equivalent of `x`.
* If a character cannot be converted, or is already
* uppercase, this function returns `x`.
* This function returns the uppercase equivalent of `x`. If a character
* cannot be converted, or is already uppercase, this function returns `x`.
*
* \param x character value to check.
* \returns Capitalized version of x, or x if no conversion available.
@ -743,12 +739,11 @@ extern DECLSPEC int SDLCALL SDL_toupper(int x);
/**
* Convert low-ASCII English letters to lowercase.
*
* **WARNING**: Regardless of system locale, this will only
* convert ASCII values 'A' through 'Z' to lowercase.
* **WARNING**: Regardless of system locale, this will only convert ASCII
* values 'A' through 'Z' to lowercase.
*
* This function returns the lowercase equivalent of `x`.
* If a character cannot be converted, or is already
* lowercase, this function returns `x`.
* This function returns the lowercase equivalent of `x`. If a character
* cannot be converted, or is already lowercase, this function returns `x`.
*
* \param x character value to check.
* \returns Lowercase version of x, or x if no conversion available.
@ -814,15 +809,14 @@ extern DECLSPEC wchar_t *SDLCALL SDL_wcsnstr(const wchar_t *haystack, const wcha
/**
* Compare two null-terminated wide strings.
*
* This only compares wchar_t values until it hits a
* null-terminating character; it does not care if the string is
* well-formed UTF-16 (or UTF-32, depending on your platform's
* wchar_t size), or uses valid Unicode values.
* This only compares wchar_t values until it hits a null-terminating
* character; it does not care if the string is well-formed UTF-16 (or UTF-32,
* depending on your platform's wchar_t size), or uses valid Unicode values.
*
* \param str1 The first string to compare. NULL is not permitted!
* \param str2 The second string to compare. NULL is not permitted!
* \returns less than zero if str1 is "less than" str2, greater than zero
* if str1 is "greater than" str2, and zero if the strings match
* \returns less than zero if str1 is "less than" str2, greater than zero if
* str1 is "greater than" str2, and zero if the strings match
* exactly.
*
* \threadsafety It is safe to call this function from any thread.
@ -835,15 +829,14 @@ extern DECLSPEC int SDLCALL SDL_wcscmp(const wchar_t *str1, const wchar_t *str2)
* Compare two wide strings up to a number of wchar_t values.
*
* This only compares wchar_t values; it does not care if the string is
* well-formed UTF-16 (or UTF-32, depending on your platform's
* wchar_t size), or uses valid Unicode values.
* well-formed UTF-16 (or UTF-32, depending on your platform's wchar_t size),
* or uses valid Unicode values.
*
* Note that while this function is intended to be used with UTF-16 (or
* UTF-32, depending on your platform's definition of wchar_t), it is
* comparing raw wchar_t values and not Unicode codepoints: `maxlen`
* specifies a wchar_t limit! If the limit lands in the middle of a
* multi-wchar UTF-16 sequence, it will only compare a portion of the final
* character.
* comparing raw wchar_t values and not Unicode codepoints: `maxlen` specifies
* a wchar_t limit! If the limit lands in the middle of a multi-wchar UTF-16
* sequence, it will only compare a portion of the final character.
*
* `maxlen` specifies a maximum number of wchar_t to compare; if the strings
* match to this number of wide chars (or both have matched to a
@ -853,8 +846,8 @@ extern DECLSPEC int SDLCALL SDL_wcscmp(const wchar_t *str1, const wchar_t *str2)
* \param str1 The first string to compare. NULL is not permitted!
* \param str2 The second string to compare. NULL is not permitted!
* \param maxlen The maximum number of wchar_t to compare.
* \returns less than zero if str1 is "less than" str2, greater than zero
* if str1 is "greater than" str2, and zero if the strings match
* \returns less than zero if str1 is "less than" str2, greater than zero if
* str1 is "greater than" str2, and zero if the strings match
* exactly.
*
* \threadsafety It is safe to call this function from any thread.
@ -867,26 +860,24 @@ extern DECLSPEC int SDLCALL SDL_wcsncmp(const wchar_t *str1, const wchar_t *str2
* Compare two null-terminated wide strings, case-insensitively.
*
* This will work with Unicode strings, using a technique called
* "case-folding" to handle the vast majority of case-sensitive
* human languages regardless of system locale. It can deal with
* expanding values: a German Eszett character can compare against
* two ASCII 's' chars and be considered a match, for example.
* A notable exception: it does not handle the Turkish 'i' character;
* human language is complicated!
* "case-folding" to handle the vast majority of case-sensitive human
* languages regardless of system locale. It can deal with expanding values: a
* German Eszett character can compare against two ASCII 's' chars and be
* considered a match, for example. A notable exception: it does not handle
* the Turkish 'i' character; human language is complicated!
*
* Depending on your platform, "wchar_t" might be 2 bytes, and expected
* to be UTF-16 encoded (like Windows), or 4 bytes in UTF-32 format. Since
* this handles Unicode, it expects the string to be well-formed
* and not a null-terminated string of arbitrary bytes. Characters
* that are not valid UTF-16 (or UTF-32) are treated as Unicode character
* U+FFFD (REPLACEMENT CHARACTER), which is to say two strings of random
* bits may turn out to match if they convert to the same amount of
* replacement characters.
* Depending on your platform, "wchar_t" might be 2 bytes, and expected to be
* UTF-16 encoded (like Windows), or 4 bytes in UTF-32 format. Since this
* handles Unicode, it expects the string to be well-formed and not a
* null-terminated string of arbitrary bytes. Characters that are not valid
* UTF-16 (or UTF-32) are treated as Unicode character U+FFFD (REPLACEMENT
* CHARACTER), which is to say two strings of random bits may turn out to
* match if they convert to the same amount of replacement characters.
*
* \param str1 The first string to compare. NULL is not permitted!
* \param str2 The second string to compare. NULL is not permitted!
* \returns less than zero if str1 is "less than" str2, greater than zero
* if str1 is "greater than" str2, and zero if the strings match
* \returns less than zero if str1 is "less than" str2, greater than zero if
* str1 is "greater than" str2, and zero if the strings match
* exactly.
*
* \threadsafety It is safe to call this function from any thread.
@ -899,38 +890,36 @@ extern DECLSPEC int SDLCALL SDL_wcscasecmp(const wchar_t *str1, const wchar_t *s
* Compare two wide strings, case-insensitively, up to a number of wchar_t.
*
* This will work with Unicode strings, using a technique called
* "case-folding" to handle the vast majority of case-sensitive
* human languages regardless of system locale. It can deal with
* expanding values: a German Eszett character can compare against
* two ASCII 's' chars and be considered a match, for example.
* A notable exception: it does not handle the Turkish 'i' character;
* human language is complicated!
* "case-folding" to handle the vast majority of case-sensitive human
* languages regardless of system locale. It can deal with expanding values: a
* German Eszett character can compare against two ASCII 's' chars and be
* considered a match, for example. A notable exception: it does not handle
* the Turkish 'i' character; human language is complicated!
*
* Depending on your platform, "wchar_t" might be 2 bytes, and expected
* to be UTF-16 encoded (like Windows), or 4 bytes in UTF-32 format. Since
* this handles Unicode, it expects the string to be well-formed
* and not a null-terminated string of arbitrary bytes. Characters
* that are not valid UTF-16 (or UTF-32) are treated as Unicode character
* U+FFFD (REPLACEMENT CHARACTER), which is to say two strings of random
* bits may turn out to match if they convert to the same amount of
* replacement characters.
* Depending on your platform, "wchar_t" might be 2 bytes, and expected to be
* UTF-16 encoded (like Windows), or 4 bytes in UTF-32 format. Since this
* handles Unicode, it expects the string to be well-formed and not a
* null-terminated string of arbitrary bytes. Characters that are not valid
* UTF-16 (or UTF-32) are treated as Unicode character U+FFFD (REPLACEMENT
* CHARACTER), which is to say two strings of random bits may turn out to
* match if they convert to the same amount of replacement characters.
*
* Note that while this function might deal with variable-sized characters,
* `maxlen` specifies a _wchar_ limit! If the limit lands in the middle
* of a multi-byte UTF-16 sequence, it may convert a portion of the final
* character to one or more Unicode character U+FFFD (REPLACEMENT
* CHARACTER) so as not to overflow a buffer.
* `maxlen` specifies a _wchar_ limit! If the limit lands in the middle of a
* multi-byte UTF-16 sequence, it may convert a portion of the final character
* to one or more Unicode character U+FFFD (REPLACEMENT CHARACTER) so as not
* to overflow a buffer.
*
* `maxlen` specifies a maximum number of wchar_t values to compare; if
* the strings match to this number of wchar_t (or both have matched to a
* `maxlen` specifies a maximum number of wchar_t values to compare; if the
* strings match to this number of wchar_t (or both have matched to a
* null-terminator character before this number of bytes), they will be
* considered equal.
*
* \param str1 The first string to compare. NULL is not permitted!
* \param str2 The second string to compare. NULL is not permitted!
* \param maxlen The maximum number of wchar_t values to compare.
* \returns less than zero if str1 is "less than" str2, greater than zero
* if str1 is "greater than" str2, and zero if the strings match
* \returns less than zero if str1 is "less than" str2, greater than zero if
* str1 is "greater than" str2, and zero if the strings match
* exactly.
*
* \threadsafety It is safe to call this function from any thread.
@ -953,12 +942,12 @@ extern DECLSPEC char *SDLCALL SDL_strrev(char *str);
/**
* Convert a string to uppercase.
*
* **WARNING**: Regardless of system locale, this will only
* convert ASCII values 'A' through 'Z' to uppercase.
* **WARNING**: Regardless of system locale, this will only convert ASCII
* values 'A' through 'Z' to uppercase.
*
* This function operates on a null-terminated string of bytes--even if it
* is malformed UTF-8!--and converts ASCII characters 'a' through 'z' to
* their uppercase equivalents in-place, returning the original `str` pointer.
* This function operates on a null-terminated string of bytes--even if it is
* malformed UTF-8!--and converts ASCII characters 'a' through 'z' to their
* uppercase equivalents in-place, returning the original `str` pointer.
*
* \threadsafety It is safe to call this function from any thread.
*
@ -971,12 +960,12 @@ extern DECLSPEC char *SDLCALL SDL_strupr(char *str);
/**
* Convert a string to lowercase.
*
* **WARNING**: Regardless of system locale, this will only
* convert ASCII values 'A' through 'Z' to lowercase.
* **WARNING**: Regardless of system locale, this will only convert ASCII
* values 'A' through 'Z' to lowercase.
*
* This function operates on a null-terminated string of bytes--even if it
* is malformed UTF-8!--and converts ASCII characters 'A' through 'Z' to
* their lowercase equivalents in-place, returning the original `str` pointer.
* This function operates on a null-terminated string of bytes--even if it is
* malformed UTF-8!--and converts ASCII characters 'A' through 'Z' to their
* lowercase equivalents in-place, returning the original `str` pointer.
*
* \param str The string to convert in-place.
* \returns The `str` pointer passed into this function.
@ -1018,13 +1007,13 @@ extern DECLSPEC double SDLCALL SDL_strtod(const char *str, char **endp);
*
* Due to the nature of UTF-8 encoding, this will work with Unicode strings,
* since effectively this function just compares bytes until it hits a
* null-terminating character. Also due to the nature of UTF-8, this can
* be used with SDL_qsort() to put strings in (roughly) alphabetical order.
* null-terminating character. Also due to the nature of UTF-8, this can be
* used with SDL_qsort() to put strings in (roughly) alphabetical order.
*
* \param str1 The first string to compare. NULL is not permitted!
* \param str2 The second string to compare. NULL is not permitted!
* \returns less than zero if str1 is "less than" str2, greater than zero
* if str1 is "greater than" str2, and zero if the strings match
* \returns less than zero if str1 is "less than" str2, greater than zero if
* str1 is "greater than" str2, and zero if the strings match
* exactly.
*
* \threadsafety It is safe to call this function from any thread.
@ -1038,13 +1027,13 @@ extern DECLSPEC int SDLCALL SDL_strcmp(const char *str1, const char *str2);
*
* Due to the nature of UTF-8 encoding, this will work with Unicode strings,
* since effectively this function just compares bytes until it hits a
* null-terminating character. Also due to the nature of UTF-8, this can
* be used with SDL_qsort() to put strings in (roughly) alphabetical order.
* null-terminating character. Also due to the nature of UTF-8, this can be
* used with SDL_qsort() to put strings in (roughly) alphabetical order.
*
* Note that while this function is intended to be used with UTF-8, it is
* doing a bytewise comparison, and `maxlen` specifies a _byte_ limit! If
* the limit lands in the middle of a multi-byte UTF-8 sequence, it will
* only compare a portion of the final character.
* doing a bytewise comparison, and `maxlen` specifies a _byte_ limit! If the
* limit lands in the middle of a multi-byte UTF-8 sequence, it will only
* compare a portion of the final character.
*
* `maxlen` specifies a maximum number of bytes to compare; if the strings
* match to this number of bytes (or both have matched to a null-terminator
@ -1053,8 +1042,8 @@ extern DECLSPEC int SDLCALL SDL_strcmp(const char *str1, const char *str2);
* \param str1 The first string to compare. NULL is not permitted!
* \param str2 The second string to compare. NULL is not permitted!
* \param maxlen The maximum number of _bytes_ to compare.
* \returns less than zero if str1 is "less than" str2, greater than zero
* if str1 is "greater than" str2, and zero if the strings match
* \returns less than zero if str1 is "less than" str2, greater than zero if
* str1 is "greater than" str2, and zero if the strings match
* exactly.
*
* \threadsafety It is safe to call this function from any thread.
@ -1067,24 +1056,22 @@ extern DECLSPEC int SDLCALL SDL_strncmp(const char *str1, const char *str2, size
* Compare two null-terminated UTF-8 strings, case-insensitively.
*
* This will work with Unicode strings, using a technique called
* "case-folding" to handle the vast majority of case-sensitive
* human languages regardless of system locale. It can deal with
* expanding values: a German Eszett character can compare against
* two ASCII 's' chars and be considered a match, for example.
* A notable exception: it does not handle the Turkish 'i' character;
* human language is complicated!
* "case-folding" to handle the vast majority of case-sensitive human
* languages regardless of system locale. It can deal with expanding values: a
* German Eszett character can compare against two ASCII 's' chars and be
* considered a match, for example. A notable exception: it does not handle
* the Turkish 'i' character; human language is complicated!
*
* Since this handles Unicode, it expects the string to be well-formed
* UTF-8 and not a null-terminated string of arbitrary bytes. Bytes
* that are not valid UTF-8 are treated as Unicode character U+FFFD
* (REPLACEMENT CHARACTER), which is to say two strings of random bits
* may turn out to match if they convert to the same amount of
* replacement characters.
* Since this handles Unicode, it expects the string to be well-formed UTF-8
* and not a null-terminated string of arbitrary bytes. Bytes that are not
* valid UTF-8 are treated as Unicode character U+FFFD (REPLACEMENT
* CHARACTER), which is to say two strings of random bits may turn out to
* match if they convert to the same amount of replacement characters.
*
* \param str1 The first string to compare. NULL is not permitted!
* \param str2 The second string to compare. NULL is not permitted!
* \returns less than zero if str1 is "less than" str2, greater than zero
* if str1 is "greater than" str2, and zero if the strings match
* \returns less than zero if str1 is "less than" str2, greater than zero if
* str1 is "greater than" str2, and zero if the strings match
* exactly.
*
* \threadsafety It is safe to call this function from any thread.
@ -1098,25 +1085,23 @@ extern DECLSPEC int SDLCALL SDL_strcasecmp(const char *str1, const char *str2);
* Compare two UTF-8 strings, case-insensitively, up to a number of bytes.
*
* This will work with Unicode strings, using a technique called
* "case-folding" to handle the vast majority of case-sensitive
* human languages regardless of system locale. It can deal with
* expanding values: a German Eszett character can compare against
* two ASCII 's' chars and be considered a match, for example.
* A notable exception: it does not handle the Turkish 'i' character;
* human language is complicated!
* "case-folding" to handle the vast majority of case-sensitive human
* languages regardless of system locale. It can deal with expanding values: a
* German Eszett character can compare against two ASCII 's' chars and be
* considered a match, for example. A notable exception: it does not handle
* the Turkish 'i' character; human language is complicated!
*
* Since this handles Unicode, it expects the string to be well-formed
* UTF-8 and not a null-terminated string of arbitrary bytes. Bytes
* that are not valid UTF-8 are treated as Unicode character U+FFFD
* (REPLACEMENT CHARACTER), which is to say two strings of random bits
* may turn out to match if they convert to the same amount of
* replacement characters.
* Since this handles Unicode, it expects the string to be well-formed UTF-8
* and not a null-terminated string of arbitrary bytes. Bytes that are not
* valid UTF-8 are treated as Unicode character U+FFFD (REPLACEMENT
* CHARACTER), which is to say two strings of random bits may turn out to
* match if they convert to the same amount of replacement characters.
*
* Note that while this function is intended to be used with UTF-8,
* `maxlen` specifies a _byte_ limit! If the limit lands in the middle
* of a multi-byte UTF-8 sequence, it may convert a portion of the final
* character to one or more Unicode character U+FFFD (REPLACEMENT
* CHARACTER) so as not to overflow a buffer.
* Note that while this function is intended to be used with UTF-8, `maxlen`
* specifies a _byte_ limit! If the limit lands in the middle of a multi-byte
* UTF-8 sequence, it may convert a portion of the final character to one or
* more Unicode character U+FFFD (REPLACEMENT CHARACTER) so as not to overflow
* a buffer.
*
* `maxlen` specifies a maximum number of bytes to compare; if the strings
* match to this number of bytes (or both have matched to a null-terminator
@ -1125,8 +1110,8 @@ extern DECLSPEC int SDLCALL SDL_strcasecmp(const char *str1, const char *str2);
* \param str1 The first string to compare. NULL is not permitted!
* \param str2 The second string to compare. NULL is not permitted!
* \param maxlen The maximum number of bytes to compare.
* \returns less than zero if str1 is "less than" str2, greater than zero
* if str1 is "greater than" str2, and zero if the strings match
* \returns less than zero if str1 is "less than" str2, greater than zero if
* str1 is "greater than" str2, and zero if the strings match
* exactly.
*
* \threadsafety It is safe to call this function from any thread.